Li-ion batteries have received negative media attention because of incidents of spontaneous combustion in laptops and other portable electrical devices, although the greatest risk may be associated with misuse.

Researchers have carried out combustion tests and fire calorimetry studies in a Fire Propagation Apparatus. They analyzed the decomposition and combustion gases produced and quantified the thermal and toxic threat. The combustion risk is correlated with charging state and under some conditions, the kinetics of heat production can lead to explosion. The greatest toxic hazard is associated with hydrogen fluoride release.

• Investigation on the fire-induced hazards of Li-ion battery cells by fire calorimetry
  P. Ribière, S. Grugeon, M. Morcrette, S. Boyanov, S. Laruelle, G. Marlair,
  Energy Environ. Sci. 2011.
  DOI: 10.1039/C1EE02218K